![]() For example, the moment of inertia of a solid cylinder of mass M and radius R about its axis of symmetry is ½ MR 2. The moment of inertia of a body depends on the mass of a body and the distribution of the mass relative to the axis of rotation. See Acceleration, VelocityĪ rotating body possesses kinetic energy of rotation which may be expressed as T rot = ½ Iω 2, where ω is the magnitude of the angular velocity of the rotating body and I is the moment of inertia, which is a measure of the opposition of the body to angular acceleration. ![]() If a body is moving in a circle with an angular acceleration of α radians/s 2, and if at a certain instant it has an angular velocity ω 0, then at a time t seconds later, the angular velocity may be expressed as ω = ω 0 + α t, and the angular displacement as Θ = ω 0 t + ½α t 2. In this case, the angular displacement Θ experienced by the particle or rotating body in a time t is Θ = ω t, where ω is the constant angular velocity.Ī special case of circular motion occurs when the rotating body moves with constant angular acceleration. Calculate the moment of inertia of the body about the axis of rotation. The speed of rotation, or angular velocity, remains constant in uniform circular motion. Engineering Physics Questions and Answers Significance of Rotational Motion. ![]() For information concerning the other examples See Harmonic motion, Particle accelerator, Pendulum Such motion is exhibited by the first and second examples. Circular motion is a rotational motion in which each particle of the rotating body moves in a circular path about an axis. Rotational motion is illustrated by (1) the fixed speed of rotation of the Earth about its axis (2) the varying speed of rotation of the flywheel of a sewing machine (3) the rotation of a satellite about a planet (4) the motion of an ion in a cyclotron and (5) the motion of a pendulum. Angular momentum: It is a product of angular velocity and the moment of inertia, which determines the quantity of rotation of the body.The motion of a rigid body which takes place in such a way that all of its particles move in circles about an axis with a common angular velocity also, the rotation of a particle about a fixed point in space.It is also called the rotational inertia. Moment of Inertia: It is a quantity that determines the amount of torque required to rotate an object, about its axis.For example, it is easier to push a door open at its ends, rather than at the hinges. Torque: The magnitude of force applied on a body, away from the point of application of force s called th torque. ![]() There are many essential terms associated with rotational motion like torque, the moment of inertia, angular momentum etc. The energy produced due to this rotational motion is called rotational energy. For circular motion at a constant speed v, the centripetal acceleration of the motion can be derived. The rotation of an object about a fixed point can be of two directions: Clockwise and the anticlockwise direction. The property to resist changes in rotational state of motion is called. It can also be defined as the motion of a body, in which all of its particles move in a circular motion with a common angular velocity, about a fixed point-for example, the rotation of Earth about its axis. Newton’s law An object rotating about an axis tends to remain rotating about the same axis, unless an external influence (torque, see soon) is acting. Rotational motion can be defined as a motion of an object around a circular path, in a fixed orbit.
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